Basic Box Score Stats

PTS: Points - Total points scored

REB: Rebounds - Total rebounds (offensive + defensive)

AST: Assists - Passes that directly lead to a made field goal

TOV: Turnovers - Loss of possession due to error or violation

STL: Steals - Defensive play resulting in possession gained

BLK: Blocks - Defensive play deflecting opponent’s shot attempt

FGM: Field Goals Made - Total successful field goal attempts

FGA: Field Goals Attempted - Total field goal attempts taken

FG%: Field Goal Percentage - FGM / FGA

3PM: Three-Pointers Made - Successful three-point field goals

3PA: Three-Pointers Attempted - Total three-point attempts taken

3P%: Three-Point Percentage - 3PM / 3PA

FTM: Free Throws Made - Successful free throw attempts

FTA: Free Throws Attempted - Total free throw attempts taken

FT%: Free Throw Percentage - FTM / FTA

OREB: Offensive Rebounds - Rebounds of team’s own missed shots

DREB: Defensive Rebounds - Rebounds of opponent’s missed shots

PF: Personal Fouls - Total fouls committed by player

+/-: Plus-Minus - Point differential when player is on the court

Player Roles - Offense

Playmaking Shot Creator: A perimeter player who carries a heavy offensive load through ball handling, shot creation, and playmaking. Excels in isolation, pick-and-roll, pull-up shots, and driving to the rim.

Traditional Point: A ball handler who primarily creates opportunities for teammates rather than their own shot. Focuses on pick-and-roll, drives, and generating assists.

Sniper: A player who generates almost all their offensive volume through 3-point shooting, particularly catch-and-shoot opportunities. Takes lots of shots off screens and handoffs.

Corner Spacer: A low-volume player whose offense comes almost exclusively from stationary shooting opportunities in the corner. Rarely involved in off-ball actions like screens or handoffs.

Swiss Army Knife: A versatile player who creates opportunities in all facets without one specialty, typically a wing who doesn’t rely on shooting or high-volume ball handling. Contributes through cutting, rim attacks, and offensive rebounding.

Interior Playmaker: A player who creates both scoring and playmaking opportunities at and around the rim. Operates through post-ups, isolation, pick-and-roll, and generates assists for teammates.

Roll and Cut Big: A big whose offense is generated entirely through rim-running actions like rolling, cutting, and offensive rebounding. High-volume glass crasher with limited self-created offense beyond post-ups.

Versatile Big: A big who generates offense in multiple ways including pick-and-roll, post-ups, and shooting. Less specialized in passing or offensive rebounding than other big archetypes.

Player Roles - Defense

Point of Attack: A defender who matches up against the opposition’s strongest initiator, typically disrupting offensive actions before they start. Defends high volumes of pick-and-roll ball handlers and screens with high matchup difficulty.

Hidden: A player whose defense aims to avoid defending any meaningful action with extremely low matchup difficulty. Smaller players who contest shots at low rates and are often targeted by offenses.

Secondary Guard: A defensive guard who matches up on the opponent’s second-option guard, often chasing them around screens and handoffs. Not hidden but avoided from guarding the best offensive players.

Lockdown Wing: A versatile defender who matches up against the opponent’s strongest wings and forwards, facing all types of offensive actions. Solid defensive volume across both perimeter and interior categories.

Secondary Forward: A defensive wing who matches up on the opponent’s second-best forward with generally slower footspeed. Commonly defends corner threes and isolations while contributing to interior defense and rebounding.

Switchable Big: A big who defends high volumes of interior actions but can also switch onto wings. Combines decent footwork with interior presence to defend isolations and contested threes.

Paint Anchor: A rim protector who rarely defends away from the basket, primarily protecting the paint and facing post-ups. Typically the tallest, less mobile players who are pivotal rebounders.

Advanced Impact Metrics

Estimated Player Impact (EPI): EPI uses a combination of prior-informed RAPM and player box data to estimate impact per 100 possessions

O_EPI: Offensive Estimated Player Impact - EPI uses a combination of prior-informed RAPM and player box data to estimate offensive impact per 100 possessions

D_EPI: Defensive Estimated Player Impact - EPI uses a combination of prior-informed RAPM and player box data to estimate defensive impact per 100 possessions

Regularised Adjusted Plus Minus (RAPM): RAPM uses play-by-play data to isolate a player’s impact from their teammates and opponents. Gives an impact estimate per 100 possessions

O_RAPM: Offensive Regularised Adjusted Plus Minus (Prior Informed) - RAPM uses play-by-play data to isolate a player’s offensive impact from their teammates and opponents. Gives an impact estimate per 100 possessions

D_RAPM: Defensive Regularised Adjusted Plus Minus (Prior Informed) - RAPM uses play-by-play data to isolate a player’s defensive impact from their teammates and opponents. Gives an impact estimate per 100 possessions

Statistical Plus Minus (SPM): SPM estimates RAPM using a player’s stats. SPM = O_SPM + D_SPM

O_SPM: Offensive Statistical Plus Minus - SPM estimates offensive RAPM using a player’s stats

D_SPM: Defensive Statistical Plus Minus - SPM estimates defensive RAPM using a player’s stats

Box Rating: An estimation of player performance using box score data

O_BOX: Offensive Box Performance - An estimation of offensive player performance using box data

D_BOX: Defensive Box Performance - An estimation of defensive player performance using box data

Offensive Metrics

Usage % (USG%): The percentage of team plays used by a player while on the court

Assist:Turnover Ratio (A:T): Assists divided by Turnovers

Assist Rate (AST%): Assists per 100 possessions

Turnover % (TOV%): Turnovers per 100 possessions

Drive Rating (DRIVE+): An estimate of a player’s PTS + AST - TOV added compared to an average player using their drive volume

VOL: Volume - Number of possessions or attempts in a specific play type

3P+: Points Added from 3PT per 36 - Points added on three-point shots compared to league average per 36 minutes

PTS+: Points Added - Points scored compared to an average player with similar volume

On-Ball Pts+: An estimate of a player’s points added on On-Ball possessions (Isolation, PnR Ball Handler, Pull Up, Post Up) compared to an average player using their volume per 36 possessions

Off-Ball Pts+: An estimate of a player’s points added on Off-Ball possessions (Spot Up, Cut, Off Screen, PnR Roll) compared to an average player using their volume per 36 possessions

Offensive Rebound % (OREB%): Offensive Rebounds divided by Team Missed Shots

FT Rate: Free throw rate - FTA / FGA

eFG%: Effective Field Goal Percentage - (FGM + 0.5 * 3PM) / FGA

True Shooting % (TS%): 0.5 * Points / (FGA + 0.44 * FTA)

Defensive Metrics

Defensive Rating (DRTG): Estimated points allowed per 100 possessions when player is on the floor

Matchup Difficulty (DIFF): A metric of the quality of the player’s opponents measured as matchup’s average points per 36

Matchup Versatility (VERS): Average defensive matchup difficulty across Guards, Forwards and Centers

On-Ball: Ball-dominant possessions (Isolation, PnR Ball Handler, Pull Up, Post Up)

Off-Ball: Off-ball possessions (Spot Up, Cut, Off Screen, PnR Roll, Handoff)

Defensive FG%+ (DFG%+): Opponent shooting percentage relative to their average

Defensive Rebound % (DREB%): Defensive Rebounds divided by Opponent Missed Shots

Paint DFGA: Defended field goal attempts in the paint

Paint DFG%+: Opponent shooting percentage in the paint relative to their average

Rim DFG%+: A player’s impact on matchup’s field goal percentage at the rim

Matchup Difficulty G: Matchup difficulty when defending guards

Matchup Difficulty F: Matchup difficulty when defending forwards

Matchup Difficulty C: Matchup difficulty when defending centers

Charges: Charges drawn - Defensive fouls taken to stop offensive player

Loose Ball: Defensive loose ball recoveries

Scoring Types

On-Ball Scoring: Points scored on ball-dominant possessions (Isolation, PnR Ball Handler, Pull Up, Post Up)

Off-Ball Scoring: Points scored on off-ball possessions (Spot Up, Cut, Off Screen, PnR Roll, Handoff)

On-Ball PPP: Points Per Possession on PnR Ball Handler, Isolation or Post Ups

Off-Ball PPP: Points Per Possession on Handoffs, Off Screens, Cuts, PnR Roll or Spot Ups

Isolation / PnR Scoring: Points scored in one-on-one situations or pick-and-roll plays

Spot Up Shooting: Catch-and-shoot field goals from a stationary position

Cut / Roll Scoring: Points scored cutting to the basket or rolling to the rim off screens

Paint Scoring: Points scored inside the painted area near the basket

Mid-Range: Field goals attempted between the paint and three-point line

Catch FGM: Catch and Shoot Field Goals Made

Catch FG%: Catch and Shoot Field Goal Percentage

Pullup FGM: Pull Up Field Goals Made

Pullup FG%: Pull Up Field Goal Percentage

Corner 3PM: Three-pointers made from the corner

Corner 3P%: Three-point percentage on corner attempts

Putback Pts: Points scored from offensive rebounds

Play Types

Isolation: One-on-one offensive possession without screens

Transition: Fast break possessions in the first 8 seconds of the shot clock

PnR Ball Handler: Pick and roll possessions where player has the ball

PnR Roll: Pick and roll possessions where player rolls to the basket

Post Up: Offensive possession with back to basket near the paint

Spot Up: Catch and shoot possession from a stationary position

Hand Off: Possession initiated by a hand-off pass

Cut: Movement without the ball toward the basket

Off Screen: Movement using a screen to get open

Putback: Second-chance scoring off offensive rebound

Team Metrics

Record: Win-Loss record for the season

Win %: Winning percentage - Wins / Games Played

Team Estimated Player Impact (Team EPI): Sum of all players’ EPI on the team

Team Off EPI: Sum of all players’ Offensive EPI on the team

Team Def EPI: Sum of all players’ Defensive EPI on the team

ORTG: Offensive Rating - Points scored per 100 possessions

Net Rating: Team point differential per 100 possessions (ORTG - DRTG)

Opponent Adjusted Rating: Team rating adjusted for strength of opponent

Adjusted Offensive Rating (AdjORtg): Offensive rating adjusted for opponent strength

Adjusted Defensive Rating (AdjDRtg): Defensive rating adjusted for opponent strength

Adjusted Net Rating (AdjNetRtg): Net rating adjusted for opponent strength

Strength of Schedule (SOS): Measure of difficulty based on opponents’ quality

Pace: Possessions per 48 minutes

Shot Openness: Percentage of three-point attempts that are Open or Wide Open

Per 100 (/100): Statistic normalized per 100 team possessions

Per 36 (/36): Statistic normalized per 36 minutes played

POSS+: Points added per possession compared to league average

eFG%+: Effective field goal percentage relative to league average